| 统治者 | tong3 zhi4 zhe3 | ruler |
| 封建主 | feng1 jian4 zhu3 | feudal ruler |
| 苏丹 | su1 dan1 | Sudan |
| 君 | jun1 | you |
| 贵贱 | gui4 jian4 | noble and lowly |
| 直尺 | zhi2 che3 zhi2 chi3 | Ruler |
| 游说 | you2 shui4 | to lobby |
| 尺 | che3 che3 chi3 | a ruler |
| 御用 | yu4 yong4 | imperial |
| 服事 | fu2 shi4 | to do hard labor |
| 圣贤 | sheng4 xian2 | wine |
| 臣 | chen2 | statesman |
| 五常 | wu3 chang2 | five phases of Chinese philosophy: water æ°´, fire ç«, wood 木, metal 金, earth 土 |