| 粪青 | fen4 qing1 | st youth |
| 蘁 | | contrary |
| 违戾 | wei2 li4 | to violate |
| 违标 | wei2 biao1 | to go against the stipulated criteria |
| 钟馗 | zhong1 kui2 | (figuratively) a person with the courage to fight against evil |
| 一较高下 | yi1 jiao4 gao1 xia4 | to compete against |
| 一二八事变 | yi1 er4 ba1 shi4 bian4 | Shanghai incident of 28th January 1932, Chinese uprising against Japanese quarters of Shanghai |
| 一夫当关，万夫莫开 | yi1 fu1 dang1 guan1 wan4 fu1 mo4 kai1 | One man can hold the pass against ten thousand enemies |
| 三藩叛乱 | san1 fan1 pan4 luan4 | rebellion against the Qing of 1670s, pacified by Kangxi |
| 不信任动议 | bu4 xin4 ren4 dong4 yi4 | motion of no confidence (against the government, in parliamentary debates) |
| 不随大流 | bu4 sui2 da4 liu2 | to go against the tide |
| 五四爱国运动 | wu3 si4 ai4 guo2 yun4 dong4 | May Fourth Movement |
| 以抗议政府 | yi3 kang4 yi4 zheng4 fu3 | in protest against the government |