| 韩国 | han2 guo2 | South Korea (Republic of Korea) |
| 郑 | zheng4 | abbr. for é„州郑州[Zheng4 zhou1] |
| 战国 | zhan4 guo2 | warring states period |
| 纵横 | zong4 heng2 | criss-crossed |
| 墨子 | mo4 zi3 | Mozi (c. 470-391 BC), founder of the Mohist School 墨家[Mo4 jia1] of the Warring States Period (475-220 BC) |
| 韩 | han2 | trends |
| 调停 | tiao2 ting2 | to mediate |
| 游说 | you2 shui4 | to lobby |
| 法家 | fa3 jia1 | Legalist school of philosophy in pre-Han times, including Shang Yang 商鞅 and Han Feizi 韓éžå韩éžå |
| 道家 | dao4 jia1 | Taoist |
| 魏 | wei4 | surname Wei |
| 屈原 | qu1 yuan2 | Qu Yuan (340-278 BC), famous Warring States statesman and poet, author of Sorrow at Parting 離騷离骚 Lisao in Songs of Chu 楚è¾æ¥šè¾ž |
| 大梁 | da4 liang2 | crossbeam |